Following the sovereign debt crisis, Europe's funding safeguard was set up to ensure regional stability. While most countries no longer need propping up, the European Stability Mechanism is still busy, as head of funding and investor relations Siegfried Ruhl tells David Wigan.

The uptick in the fortunes of key central and eastern European economies has given a boost to Raiffeisen Bank International, which made its additional Tier 1 securities debut in June. David Wigan assesses the success of this move.

The World Bank’s green bond issuance recently passed the $10bn milestone. Treasury capital markets director George Richardson explains to David Wigan how it is now spearheading other sustainable instruments.

French water service company Suez is planning a major global expansion through its tie-up with GE Water of the US. David Wigan reports on the details of the 70/30 joint venture with Canada’s Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec, which included the use of hybrid bonds.

Created in 2012, Latam has become Latin America’s leading airlines group. Efforts to manage its debt suffered a false start in 2016 but, as David Wigan reports, earlier this year its bond offering took off.

Despite an EU bailout last year, in March state-owned Caixa Geral de Depositos felt confident about launching the first issuance from a Portuguese bank in about two years, as Joanne Hart reports.

The flotation of Russian toy retailer Detsky Mir on Moscow’s stock exchange was a significant moment for the country’s capital markets, which have been quiet in recent years. Joanne Hart reports.

After a period of sizeable acquisitions, UK life assurance giant Phoenix Group Holdings took advantage of Tier 3 capital’s shorter minimum maturity to move senior bank loans into hybrid capital. Joanne Hart reports.

Ireland has issued early in January over the past few years, and 2017 was to prove no exception, with the country issuing a 20-year benchmark deal that exceeded expectations with regards to pricing and the geographic spread of investors.

The success of Bank of China's green covered bond issue on the London Stock Exchange has given the bank confidence to follow its commitment to support green industries and build up its strength in this asset class, as Joanne Hart reports.