The state of China’s banks is a divisive topic – are they on the brink of collapse or part of a stable, state-controlled system? The country's financial institutions are reporting high profits and deposits, but with unquantified levels of bad debt, concerns over asset quality and overexposure to a weakening property market, questions are being asked about the long-term health of the sector.

Higher volumes than before the financial crisis and a growing number of heavyweight currencies are attracting investment banks, but the global foreign exchange pie may not be large enough for everyone to have a slice.

As China becomes a growing source of finance in Latin America, looking to internationalise the renminbi and diversify its investments away from low-yielding US debt securities, both parties seem to be reaping the rewards. But does this blossoming relationship simply highlight Latin America's dependence on commodities?

The increasing might of China over the past decade has not been reflected in its currency. In 2010, China's share of world trade was 11.4%, while the renminbi's share in world payments was a mere 0.24%. The currency's route to internationalisation look set to be more marathon than sprint.

When China's biggest bank, ICBC, launched its first dollar bond issue, it offered investors a rare opportunity of direct exposure to the mainland banking system. There was no shortage of interest. Along with UBS and ICBC's own investment arm, Barclays Capital landed the role of global co-ordinator, helping BarCap cement its Asian standing.

The Chinese banking sector may have emerged relatively unscathed from the financial crisis, but regulatory reform is still high on its agenda, meaning that the China Banking Regulatory Commission has been keen to stay one step ahead of the game by introducing a new set of regulatory standards in the first half of 2011, which placed a strict emphasis on liquidity.

The offshore renminbi bond market has seen a surge of issuance in the past year, with bankers predicting that 2012 will be even busier. This does not mean an easy ride for borrowers, however, with investors expecting higher yields as they no longer buy into the market solely on the basis of the strengthening currency.

China's onshore market has grown apace in recent years, driven by significant growth in its economy. Its increased size did not automatically lead to increased diversification, however, as the market remains dominated by government issues. Will new access rules and promising yields from corporate bonds lead to a more open market?

There seems to be something of an inevitability about the renminbi's rise to reserve currency and global dominance. However, there are mutterings that this ascents will be curtailed by China's development model, corporate governance and financial system.