CaixaBank's charitable roots explain its success in launching the first Spanish bond linked to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. 

When Swedish real estate company Vasakronan decided to venture outside the local bond market, it chose to issue in Australian dollars and go fully digital – a strategy that netted it new international long-term investors, as Kat Van Hoof reports.

A commitment to an environmentalist agenda has made French utility Engie the world’s leading corporate issuer of green bonds.

Crédit Agricole leveraged its unusual model to launch a dollar-denominated perpetual worth €4.75bn. 

Netherlands-based Takeaway.com has been on an acquisition spree around Europe. The Banker looks at its use of the debt and equity markets to finance this activity.

Dutch utility company Gasunie used its strong credit rating as a springboard to returning to the market with €300m bond issue in collaboration with ING, ABN Amro and Rabobank. David Wigan reports.

When France's MedinCell needed funding to progress with the launch of a newly developed drug, it decided the time was right for a long-planned IPO. David Wigan reports.

Market researcher Ipsos made its markets debut with a €300m issue, funding the acquisition of a stake in one of its rivals. David Wigan reports.

Czech energy company Net4Gas's unusual exchange deal held a special appeal for local investors. 

Financial analyst IHS Markit chose a quiet time to issue the bond that will bankroll its expansion strategy. David Wigan reports.